Lord Burghley 400m Hurdles? Crown Prince (later King Olav) Yachting
Ray Barbuti in the 400 meters). In the sprints, Canada's
Percy Williams
became the first non-American to win both the 100 and 200. Finland claimed four
running titles, including Paavo Nurmi's
victory in the 10,000 meters?his ninth
overall gold medal in three Olympic Games. Teammate and arch-rival Ville Ritola
placed second in the 10,000 and outran Nurmi in the 5,000.
These Games marked Germany's
return to the Olympic fold after serving a
10-year probation for its '
aggressiveness'
in World War I. It was also the first
Olympics that women were allowed to participate in track and field (despite
objections from Pope Pius IX). And in swimming, the U.S. got double gold
performances from Martha Norelius, Albina Osipowich and Johnny Weissmuller, as
well as diver Pete Desjardins.
Perhaps the Games were best exemplified by the experience of
Australian rower Henry Pearce. Midway through his quarterfinal race, he stopped
rowing to allow a family of ducks to pass single file in front of his boat.
Pearce won the race anyway and, later, the gold medal as well.
At the Opening Ceremony, the team from Greece led the Parade of Nations and
the host Dutch team marched in last. Greece first, hosts last would become a permanent part of the
Olympic protocol.
Athletes from 28 different nations won gold medals in
Amsterdam, a record that would last for 40 years. The number of female athletes
more than doubled as women were finally allowed to compete in gymnastics and
athletics. For the first time, Asian athletes won gold medals. Mikio Oda of
Japan won the triple jump, while his teammate, Yoshiyuki Tsuruta, won the 200m
breaststroke. Meanwhile the team from India swept to victory in field hockey.
Between 1928 and 1960, Indian teams won six straight gold medals in men's
Hockey. Another
winning streak began in 1928. Hungary earned the first of seven consecutive gold
medals in team sabre fencing.
Another future Tarzan, Johnny Weissmuller (USA), won the 100m freestyle at
Amsterdam.
Amsterdam also saw the introduction of the now synonymous Olympic flame,
which was kept alight throughout the duration of the Games.
But founder of the Games, Baron de Coubertin, missed his first Games in 20
years because of illness.
Women competed for the first time ever in track and field events, despite De
Coubertin's
objections, but were limited to only five events.
German Lina Radke-Batschauer became only the second athlete to win a gold
medal for her nation in a track and field event, with victory in the 800m.
But the race was remembered for the state of her fellow competitors, some
suffering completion exhaustion, forcing the IOC to suspend the 800m for women
until 1960.
Two familiar names again dominated their respective fields. Paavo Nurmi
picked up three more medals while Johnny Weissmuller swept up in the pool,
despite the Americans facing stiff competition from the Japanese.
Prince Olav V, a Norwegian sailor, became the first member of royalty to
secure a medal, whilst India won the first of six consecutive hockey titles in
front of 50,000 people.
Egyptian Ibrahim Moustafa of Egypt was the first non-European to win a
Greco-Roman wrestling event.
And Luigina Giavotti became the youngest ever medallist when she gained
silver in gymnastics at 11 years and 302 days, an Olympic record which still
stands today.